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CURRICULAR UNIT - ANATOMY AND GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000002

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This main goals of this course are:

  • 1) supply the fundamental concepts general human anatomy and physiology;
  • 2) emphasis on the anatomy of the nervous system, neuroanatomy and neurophysiology;
  • 3) provide the infotmation required to understand and identify the structures and general physiological processes of the human body as a background to the course entitled anatomy and physiology of the eye.

The student should develop the following skills:

  • 1) understand the development of the human body to identify anomalies;
  • 2) identify the structure of the human body, the morphology and structure of tissues, organs and systems;
  • 3) identify the anatomy of the head and the components of the central and autonomous nervous system;
  • 4) dominate the physiology of the renal, circulatory, gastrointestinal, endocrine and respiratory systems.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. Principles of Human Anatomy and Physiology

  • a. importance of animal morphology
  • b. the human body: development, its constituents and general characteristics of the vertebrate
  • c. brief introduction to cellular biology, histology and genetics
  • d. molecules, energy and biosynthesis
  • e. membranes, channels and transport (neurons, electrical impulses and synapses)

2. Physiological processes

  • a. physiological of neuronal function and its organization
  • b. sensing the environment
  • c. glands and hormones: secretion, regulation and mode of action
  • d. drugs for the cardiovascular and renal system
  • e. drugs that modify the homeostasis
  • f. drugs for anti-infectious agents
  • g. drugs used in diabetes

3. Integration of the physiological processes and its related anatomy

  • a. the Skeletal systems
  • b. the Muscular system
  • c. the nervous system central, autonomous and peripheric
  • d. the Circulatory system
  • e. the Respiratory system
  • f. Osmoregulation
  • g. Digestive system
  • h. Endocrine system
  • i. Development, growth and aging
  • j. Reproductive system; brief approach

4. Practical classes

  • a. Identification of the constituents of the cell
  • b. Different types of tissues

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - MATHEMATICS I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000003

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

The general objectives of this initial curricular unit of Math is the review of calculus in R, the analysis, characterisation and graphical representation of real functions of real variable and the introduction to differential calculus. At the end of this unit students should acquire the following mathematical skills necessary for formulating and solving problems posed in the context of the degree:

  • - Correct use of vocabulary and mathematical symbol;
  • - Correct calculation in R, namely the resolution of linear equations and systems of linear equations using matrices;
  • - Knowledge of the concepts of continuity, limits and derivatives;
  • - Application of the study of functions and their graphs to interpretation and problem solving;
  • - Application of differential calculus in the study of real functions of real variable;
  • - Interpretation and critique of the results in the context of the problem;
  • - Communication of concepts, reasoning and ideas with clarity and logical rigour.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

ARRAYS

  • Definition and properties
  • Operations with matrices,
  • Elementary Operations, condensation and characteristic of an array
  • Application  of arrays in classification and solving systems of linear equations: Gauss and Jordan

REAL FUNCTIONS of REAL VARIABLE

  • General information on real functions of real variable
  • Notion of boundary (Cauchy definition and definition of Heine); lateral limits; properties and operations 
  • Continuous functions: definition, properties and extension by continuity
  • Theorems of Bolzano, Weierstrass and the continuity of inverse function

DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS in R

  • Derivative of a function: definition and geometrical physical interpretation
  • Lateral derivatives; differentiability; derivation rules; notion of differential
  • Theorems of Rolle, Lagrange, Cauchy
  • Cauchy and rule indeterminations
  • Higher-order Derivatives
  • Monotony and extremes of functions. Scoops and inflection points. Asymptotes
  • Representation of the graph of a function

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - GENERAL CHEMISTRY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000005

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

The course of Chemistry has 4 objectives:

  • 1- to provide relevant information from chemical point of view on aspects related to the area of specialization.
  • 2- to provide comprehensive knowledge about some fundamental concepts in chemistry.
  • 3- to encourage the use of new technologies for learning.
  • 4- to allow direct contact with reagents, laboratory techniques and instrumentation.
  • The student should develop the following skills:
  • 1- understand the constitution of matter and the relationship between the structure of matter and its properties.
  • 2- dominate the calculations leading to the preparation of solutions and calculations of chemical and acid-base equilibrium.
  • 3- dominate the specific concepts addressed in the course.
  • 4- understand and use the relationship between research / experience / observation and knowledge.
  • 5- report and explain experimental results reporting to modern techniques and theoretical aspects discussed.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. Matter at the microscopic level

  • 1.1. atomic theory of matter
  • 1.2. atomic structure of atoms

2. molecules, ions and solutions

  • 2.1. concept of molecule, ion and ionic compound
  • 2.2. concept of mole and molar mass
  • 2.3. solutions and concentration units
  • 2.4. preparation of solutions and mixtures

3. chemical equilibrium

  • 3.1. writing and balancing chemical reactions
  • 3.2. incomplete reactions. Notion of limiting reagent and reaction yield
  • 3.3. definition and calculation of the equilibrium constant, problems involving the equilibrium constant

4. acid-base equilibrium

  • 4.1. concept of acid and base
  • 4.2. concept of pH and pOH and determination the pH of the solutions
  • 4.3. acid-base titrations. Indicators. Solving problems involving titration curves

5. oxidation-reduction equilibrium

  • 5.1. oxidation reduction concept
  • 5.2. oxidizing and reducing substances
  • 5.3. electrolysis

6. organic chemistry

  • 6.1 carbon and the covalent bond
  • 6.2. structure of organic molecules
  • 6.3. functional groups
  • 6.4. electronic effects
  • 6.5. types of organic reactions
  • 6.6. mechanism of reaction: homolytic and heterolytic reactions
  • 6.7. nomenclature, structure, physical properties and reactivity of alkanes and cycloalkanes, alkenes and alkines, alcohols and phenols, ethers, amines and aldehydes and ketones

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - GEOMETRICAL OPTICS

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000010

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This curricular unit (CU) aims to provide students with tools for understanding the interaction of light with different optical materials, from mirrors to thick lenses or prisms. Assuming simplifications in the treatment of light, the student should be able to build, analytically and geometrically, the images obtained in mirrors, lenses and lens systems. Students should also be able to understand and identify prismatic effects and monochromatic and chromatic aberrations. This knowledge will be critical in several CU about ophthalmic application.

At the end of this CU the student should have the following skills:

  • - Understand the simplifications of Geometric Optics
  • - Geometrically construct and analytically determine the image generated by a mirror
  • - Uses Snell's law
  • - Geometrically construct and analytically determine the image generated by a lens, thin or thick, or lens system
  • - Quantify prismatic effects
  • - Identify aberration.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Nature and Propagation of Light

  • - Particle wave duality
  • - Huygens principle
  • - Fermat's principle
  • - Principle of ray reversibility
  • - Principle of lightning independence
  • - Transmission and refractive index

Fundamental Laws of Geometric Optics

Reflection

  • - Types of reflection
  • - Laws of reflection
  • - Sign Convention
  • - Equation of spherical mirrors
  • - Magnification
  • - Geometric and analytical determination of images formed by mirrors

Refraction

  • - Index of Refractive
  • - Snell's Law
  • - Sign Convention
  • - Critical angle and total internal reflection
  • - Fiber Optical

Thin Lenses

  • - Converging and diverging lenses
  • - Sign Convention
  • - Focal lengths of thin lenses
  • - Lens equation
  • - Magnification
  • - Lens systems
  • - Geometric and analytical determination of images formed by lenses and lens systems

Thick Lenses

  • - Equivalent power and focus
  • - Plans and main points
  • - Analytical and Geometric determination of images formed by thick lenses

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000006

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Physiological Optics has 5 objectives:

  • 1- Identification and describing all the components of the eyeball and its operation;
  • 2- Classify the refractive states stages comparing to a standard eye;
  • 3- Comprehend all the ophthalmic compensation of the different refractive errors using models;
  • 4- Comprehend all accommodation and convergence mechanisms;
  • 5- Comprehend the images captured by the eye.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1- Eyeball Constitution

  • a. Eyeball;
  • b. Eyelids;
  • c. Tear production;
  • d. Optical ways;
  • e. Muscles;
  • f. Eye nerves.

2- Refractive eye`s states

  • a. Spherical ametropias;
  • b. Astigmatism
  • c. Causes and retina images.
  • 3- Accommodation Mechanism
  • a. accommodation theories;
  • b. accommodation amplitude;
  • ç. accommodation route;
  • d. accommodation and its function stimulus;
  • e. phenomena associated with accommodation.

4- Presbyopia

  • a. Presbyopia Evolution with refraction;
  • b. Near Addition
  • 5- Binocular vision
  • a. Convergence;
  • b. Fixation field;
  • c. Fusion;
  • d. retinal correspondence;
  • d. Retinal correspondence and horopter;
  • f. Panum area;
  • g. Suppression

6- Optical defects of the retinal image (optical defects)

7- Visual fields

  • a. definition;
  • b. exploration techniques

8- Colour view

  • a. Vision trichromatic;
  • b. Vision chromatic defects.

9- Instruments

  • a. Slit lamp;
  • b. keratomer;
  • c. topographer;
  • d. tonometer;
  • e. skiascopy
  • f. ophthalmoscope

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - MATHEMATICS II

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000008

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This second math curriculum unit (CU) is the natural continuity of the CU Math I, the concepts of primitives and integral are presented in R. It follows an introduction to differential equations, in order to initiate the student in Mathematical modelling, forcing both the use and application of the concepts of differential and integral calculus. Finally, some numerical methods of solving problems are introduced, like numerical integration. At the end of this CU students should acquire the following skills:

  • - To Determine immediate primitives and apply the techniques of primitivation and integration by parts, associated with improper rational fractions, associated with proper rational functions and by substitution.
  • - Domain integral calculus in R
  • - Solve linear differential equations
  • - Build linear, exponential and logistic mathematical models
  • - Apply numerical methods in solving problems
  • - Interpretation and critique of the results in the context of the problem

PROGRAM CONTENTS

INTEGRAL CALCULUS in R

  • Notion of Primitive or Indefinite Integral. Immediate and almost immediate primitives.
  • Primitive of rational functions are unfit. Initial value problems.
  • Definite integral: definition, geometrical interpretation, Barrow formula.
  • By parts method of primitive and integration.
  • Applications of Integral Calculus: Calculation of mean value, flat areas, volumes of solids of revolution.

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (DE)

  • Ordinary differential equations (ODE): classification, resolution of ODE of separable variables.
  • Modeling problems.
  • Resolution of ODE by method of integral factor.
  • Second degree ODE.

NUMERICAL METHODS

  • Solving nonlinear equations.
  • Polynomial interpolation.
  • Numerical integration.
  • Numerical solving of ODE.

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - EYE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000007

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Goals:

Students should acquire specific knowledge about the structures of the eyeball, its attached organs as well as their interrelationship.

Understand and recognize the normal physiological structures and processes of the visual system, peripheral nervous system and tear system.

Identification of the Micro and Macro Structures of the system and its constituent tissues.

Skills:

  • 1) to know the anatomical and physiological elements of the eye and its vascular function, regulation and innervations.
  • 2) know the properties of the cornea; of the lens; vitreous humor; aqueous humor formation and drainage.
  • 3) understand the mechanism of vision and the control of eye movements.
  • 4) to know the anatomy of extrinsic muscles.
  • 5) understand the anatomy of the main visual pathway.
  • 6) recognize macro and microscopically the morphology and structure of the visual system.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. The Visual System

  • Anatomical position of the eyes and their components
  • Anatomy and physiology of the External tunic, medium tunic, internal tunic
  • Crystalline, Zonula of Zinn. Eyeball cameras. Aqueous humor Draining.
  • Bone Orbit and morphogenesis of the Eyeball and the attachments

2. Extrinsic eye muscles

  • a. Origin and insertion; innervation; vascularization, movements and capsule of Ténon.

3. Via Visual

  • a. General and constituents
  • b. Visual cortical areas and visual pathway vascularization

4. Peripheral nervous system

  • a. oculomotor nerves
  • b. Cranial pairs, Nuclei of Origin, path and distribution
  • c. Eye reflexes

5. Lacrimal System

  • a. Lacrimal gland main and accessory
  • b. Lacrimal pathways. Tear film. Lacrimal drainage

Practices and theoretical-practical

Exercises to identify anatomical structures and physiology

Dissection of Ocular Globe and its annexes and constituents: macro and microscopically


 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - PHYSICS I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000009

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

The curricular unit of Physics I aims to provide the students with tools for the scientific approach to a problem and simultaneously provide knowledge of the basic laws of Newtonian mechanics. The unit is projected to have continuity in the Physics II curricular unit, to be taught the following semester, which will continue the study of Newtonian mechanics for linear motion.

At the end of the contact time the students would have acquired sufficient knowledge and practice in order to examine and evaluate, according with the principles and laws of physics, situations that may occur in their daily lives.

When they have completed the curricular unit, students should be able to understand the concepts and physical principles, meaning by understanding not only being able to articulate the concepts but also to be able to apply them to a variety of practical problems.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS

2. PHYSICS QUANTITIES

  • 2.1. Fundamental and derived quantities
  • 2.2. The International System
  • 2.3. Significant figures

3. KINEMATICS OF MATERIAL POINT

  • 3.1. Kinematics in one dimension:
  • 3.1.1.Concepts
  • 3.1.2.Graphical analysis
  • 3.1.3.Uniformly accelerated motion
  • 3.1.4.Motion with variable acceleration
  • 3.2. Kinematics of 2 and 3 dimensions:
  • 3.2.1.Concepts 3.2.2.Relative Speed
  • 3.2.3.Curvilinear Motion
  • 3.2.4.Motion of projectiles
  • 3.2.5.Circular Motion

4. NEWTON'S LAWS

  • 4.1. Newton's Laws
  • 4.2. Forces on Nature
  • 4.2.1.Fundamental forces
  • 4.2.2.Elastic forces
  • 4.2.3.Tensions
  • 4.2.4.Normal forces
  • 4.3. Force diagrams
  • 4.4. Friction forces
  • 4.5. Centripetal forces
  • 4.6. Drag force.

5. ENERGY CONSERVATION

  • 5.1. Work
  • 5.2. Work-Kinetic energy theorem
  • 5.3. Potential energy
  • 5.4. Conservation of mechanical energy
  • 5.5. Energy conservation

6. CONSERVATION OF QUANTITY OF LINEAR MOTION

  • 6.1. Center of mass
  • 6.2. Conservation of linear momentum
  • 6.3. Kinetic energy of a system
  • 6.4. Collisions

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPTOMETRY I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
1st Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000014

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

The main objective of the subject of Optometry I is to provide students the ability to understand, interpret and implement the objective and subjective methods of refraction, the study of near vision, optometric examination characteristics and considerations regarding accommodation and convergence. The student must acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to identify, assess and treat ametropia, or refractive errors, presbyopia, accommodative anomalies and non-strabismic binocular vision, and other visual disturbances. Achieving the clinical skills necessary to adjust the sequence of optometric examination to the patient profile and obtaining the diagnosis and the most appropriate treatment. Learn the most current techniques of refractive surgery and their possible eye complications.

The training that student acquires will form the base, skills and abilities necessary for its application in curricular unit of clinical optometry.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

  • Topic 1. Visual acuity and letter chart. Optometric office
  • Topic 2. Objective methods of refraction
  • Topic 3. Subjective methods of refraction
  • Topic 4. Subjective distant binocular vision
  • Topic 5. Study of near vision
  • Topic 6. Assessment of accommodation and binocular vision
  • Topic 7. Ametropia or refractive errors
  • Topic 8. Presbyopia
  • Topic 9. Accommodative anomalies and non-strabismic binocular vision
  • Topic 10. Visual problems: Anisometropia and aniseikonia, aphakia and pseudoaphakia, refractive amblyopia
  • Topic 11. Treatment of ametropia by refractive surgery

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - BIOPHYSICS

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000004

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This curricular unit is intended as an introduction to the frontier themes that characterize the study cycle, between physics and medicine. – Understanding the propagation of nervous signals - Know the sensory systems from a biophysical point of view - Understand how the muscles respond to stimuli and their mechanism of action – Understand the biophysical basis of the cardiovascular system and respiratory system - Fundaments of biomedical engineering and investigations.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Biophysics of Membrane

  • - Structure and transportation

Biophysics of the Nervous System

  • - Electrophysiology of the nerve cells;
  • - Rest potential
  • - Action potential (Nernst Equation)
  • - Conduction of action potentials
  • - Synapses
  • - Physiology of membrane receptors and channels
  • - Excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
  • - Potential graphs
  • - Signal Propagation

Neurophysiology

  • - Integration of nerve signals
  • - Sensory Encoding S
  • - Somatosensory system
  • - Auditory system
  • - Vestibular system
  • - Visual system
  • - Motor pathways
  • - Autonomic nervous systems
  • - Smell and taste
  • - Language and cognitive processes

biophysics of Muscle contraction

  • - Neuromuscular junctions
  • - Conduction and contraction
  • - Types of contraction
  • - Reflex arc
  • - Smooth muscle

Cardiac Biophysics

  • - Electrocardiogram

Biophysics of the Respiratory System Investigation Techniques

  • - EEG
  • - Evoked potentials
  • - CAT
  • - scan PET
  • - scan MRI

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPTICAL MATERIALS I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000012

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

The curricular unit Optical Materials I aims to provide students with knowledge about the chemical structure and fields of application of inorganic materials in the area of optics.

At the end of the contact time, students must have acquired knowledge in the areas of:

  • - Physicalchemical and Physical properties that characterize the materials used in ophthalmic optics and in contactology;
  • - Relationship between chemical composition, structure, and properties of optical materials;
  • - Deduction from their properties of possible applications of materials in the optical field.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. Introduction to optical materials

  • 1.1. Inorganic materials with interest in optics
  • 1.2. Products of Organic nature

2. Chemical kinetics

3. Ionic crystals

4. Glass

  • 4.1. Optical glass
  • 4.2. Ophthalmic glasses

5. Metals

  • 5.1. Metallic bound
  • 5.2. Metals with interest in optics

6. Corrosion

  • 6.1. Electrochemistry
  • 6.2. Corrosion protection

7. Coordination chemistry

8. Chemicals used in the protection contact lens

  • 8.1. Solutions (types, calculations, preparation)
  • 8.2. Solutions for Contact lenses
  • 8.3. Dyes

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - PHYSICAL OPTICS I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000015

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

  • Analyzing light as an electromagnetic phenomenon, understand the phenomena of polarization, absorption and scattering of light.
  • Knowing the electric and magnetic fields up to the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic waves.
  • Understand the fundamentals of radiometry
  • Understand the fundamentals of radiation-matter interaction.
  • Understand the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory and its interaction with the material media.
  • Knowing the electromagnetic nature of light
  • Knowing the physical origin of the basic processes of interaction between light and matter (reflection, refraction and scattering of light)

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Theory

  • - Mechanical Waves
  • - Electromagnetic waves
  • - Radiation-matter Interaction
  • - Propagation of radiation in isotropic, anisotropic and conductive media
  • - Fundamentals of radiometry

Practices

  • - Polarization
  • - Absorption and scattering
  • - Birefringent Sample Analysis

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPTOMETRY II

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000020

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Provide the student with the knowledge and skills necessary to identify binocular binocular non strabismus anomalies and related diseases. It is given special emphasis in learning the techniques of exploration and management of patients with non-strabismus binocular changes and / or related symptoms.

Provide the student with the knowledge and skills necessary to identify strabismus anomalies and diseases. Emphasis on learning the techniques of research and management of patients with strabismus and related symptoms.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Fundamentals of normal binocular vision (part I)

  • - Suppression, monofixation syndrome and microtropy
  • - Amblyopia
  • - Aniseiconia
  • - Introduction to the treatment of non-strabismus binocular anomalies
  • - Accommodation anomalies and vergente
  • - Application of visual therapy as a treatment for binocular anomalies

Fundamentals of normal binocular vision (part II)

  • - Introduction to strabismus
  • - Endotropy
  • - Exotropia
  • - Incomitantes and vertical deviations
  • - Nystagmus
  • - Differential diagnosis of pupil disorders
  • - treatment of Strabismus

Methodology and tests for diagnosis and compensation of binocular changes


 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPTICAL AND OPTOMETRIC INSTRUMENTS

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000028

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Principles, description and characteristics of the main optical and optometric instruments used in the optical and optometric practice. In this unit the student will be enable to make a safe and efficiente of optical and optometric instruments.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Optical Instruments

  • - Optical systems
  • - Fundamental Characteristics of optical instruments
  • - Lenses
  • - Magnifying glasses and eyepieces
  • - Cameras
  • - Microscopes
  • - Telescope
  • - Combination of systems

Optometric instruments

  • - Measurement of ophthalmic lenses
  • - Instruments used in subjective refraction
  • - Retinoscope
  • - Keratometer
  • - Ophthalmoscope
  • - Biomicroscope
  • - Tonometer

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPHTHALMIC OPTICS I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000021

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This curriculum unit (CU) a provide students with technical knowledge about ophthalmic lenses and frames, in particular on their geometrical, optical and physical-chemical characteristics. It also deepens the skills in geometrical optics acquired in previous CU though the application and implementation in practical cases. Students should also become familiar with the use the

spherometer and frontofocometer. At the end of this CU students should know how to:

  • - Critically select between the different types of ophthalmic lenses based on criteria of applicability biocompatibility, ergonomics, durability, etc.
  • - Predict and calculate the paraxial properties of lenses
  • - Determine (quantitative and qualitative) the optical effects resulting from the compensation of ametropies
  • - Measure with dexterity ophthalmic lenses with a spherometer and frontofocometer
  • - Mount and adapt spherical and astigmatic lenses
  • - Optical elements are manufactured

PROGRAM CONTENTS

MATERIALS FOR LENSES AND FRAMES

  • Glass
  • Plastic materials
  • Frames: geometry and dimensions
  • Materials and types of frames
  • Applicability, biocompatibility, ergonomics, durability

OPHTALMIC LENSES WIYH REVOLUTION SYMETRY

  • Geometry of spherical and conical surfaces
  • Paraxial properties of lenses with revolution symmetry
  • Compensation of ametropies
  • Compensation effects: magnification and field
  • Drawing of lenses with revolution symmetry
  • Weight and thickness

ASTIGMTIC LENSES

  • Geometry of astigmatic surface
  • Paraxial properties of stigmatic lenses
  • Transposition rules
  • Compensation of astigmatic ametropies
  • Effects of compensation
  • Principles of manufacture of ophthalmic lenses

OFTHALMIC TECHNOLOGY

  • Frontofocometer
  • Reading ophthalmic lenses on the frontofocometer
  • Marking and centring lenses
  • Visualization and determination of prismatic effects
  • Principle of manufacture of glasses

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPTOMETRY III

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000024

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Know and apply the methodology for clinical diagnosis in the diagnosis and treatment in children, geriatric population, children and adults with special syndromes, patients with low vision.

Understanding the means and aids appropriate and necessary to prevent vision problems caused in the workplace.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

  • - The Visual analysis
  • - Optometric examination in the pediatric population
  • - Optometric examination in the geriatric population
  • - Visual Ergonomics
  • - Vision evaluation of the workstation
  • - Examination in patients with syndromes
  • - Examination of Low vision

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - CONTACTOLOGY I

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000027

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Provide the student with knowledge about contact lenses, regarding their development, materials and geometries. Inform about ocular structures directly related to contact lenses fitting, their form of assessment through clinical procedures, which include the slit lamp. Provide practical methodology on the selection, fitting and assessment of contact lenses for correction of ametropias. Inform about the good practices regarding contact lenses handing. Theoretical and practical methods are specified according to the type of visual dysfunction and taking into account concepts of geometry and the material of contact lenses.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Program theoretical classes:

  • Unit I: Introduction; History of the contact lenses; Technological evolution
  • Unit II: Materials; Geometry and Production
  • Unit III: Ocular structures related with contact lenses and the corresponding assessment
  • Unit IV: Fitting Methodology of spherical lenses
  • Unit V: Care and complications of the contact lenses

Programs practical classes:

  • - Measurement, and interpretation of the ocular parameters related with the contact lens fitting
  • - Instruments: Slit-lamp, Queratometer
  • - Handling and care of soft contact lenses
  • - Insertion, centration and removal of soft contact lenses
  • - Handling and care of rigid contact lenses
  • - Insertion, centering and removal of rigid lenses
  • - Study of the static and dynamic behavior of rigid contact lenses
  • - Interpretation of the fluoroscopic images

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - PERCEPTION AND VISUAL NEUROPROCESSING

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
2nd Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000031

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This CU aims at conveying key concepts to understand the optical and neural mechanisms by which the visual system perceives the different aspects that constitutive the visual scene, including the processing of the visual signal from the retina to the visual cortex and its relation to perceptual phenomena.

The Students should demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the physical and physiological aspects of vision, including the principals of psychophysical measurements, visual detection, visual discrimination, visual search and attention and binocular vision.

Knowledge and understanding should be demonstrated in the areas of:

  • 1) visual pathways
  • 2) color vision
  • 3) space perception
  • 4) form perception
  • 5) light perception
  • 6) motion perception
  • 7) temporal perception
  • 8) basic psychophysical method and theory
  • 9) psychophysical scaling methods and theory
  • 10) signal detection methods and theory

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Radiation / Visual System Interaction Light perception

  • - Absolute light threshold
  • - Brightness threshold
  • - Processes & theories of adaptation

Color perception

  • - Color discrimination
  • - Color adaptation, constancy and contrast
  • - Color spectral sensitivity

Spatial Perception

  • - Discrimination Direction and depth: Mono & binocular limits. Oculocentric and egocentric localization
  • - Binocular interactions
  • - Disorders of direction and distance

Sensomotor Interactions

  • - Fixation
  • - Disparity
  • - Visually driven behavior

Shave Perception

  • - Static visual acuity
  • - Spatial contrast sensitivity & MTF
  • - Illusions, constancy & figure / ground relations
  • - Simultaneous contrast & Mach bands

Movement Perception

  • - Factors of real and apparent movement detection
  • - Displacements
  • - Motion after effects
  • - Dynamic visual acuity

Time Perception

  • - Flicker fusion critical frequency
  • - Bartley`s brightness highlight

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AND GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
3rd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000025

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

The main goals of this course are:

  • 1) understand the importance of pathological identification and associated pharmacology in the study of diseases;
  • 2) identify macro and microscopically the cellular lesions caused by the various pathogenic and its cause;
  • 3) correlate lesions with signs, symptoms and additional exams;
  • 4) understand that Pharmacology knowledge is crucial to an adequate drug/ patient profile, to the correct administration of the drug possible adverse reactions.

The student should develop the following skills:

  • 1) incorporate the terminology of pharmacological and pathology;
  • 2) able to diagnose a pathology and apply the correct treatment;
  • 3) understand the importance of variability among an individual in the administration of drugs and its toxicological impact;
  • 4) dominate the pharmacokinetic of the studied drugs;
  • 5) assimilate the importance of mistakes in the drugs administration and able to minimize accidents.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. General pathology

  • a. Basics notions, important and applicability
  • b. Pathogenic agents
  • c. Adaptive lesions to cellular aggressions
  • d. Degenerations, Lipidoses and Glycogenoses
  • e. Necrosis
  • f. Apoptosis
  • g. Inflammation: local and systemic: acute and chronic: granulomatosis
  • h. Changes in the circulatory system, cellular development and differentiation
  • i. Carcinogenesis

2. General Pharmacology

  • a. Nomenclature
  • b. Notions of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
  • c. Pharmacology of the nervous system
  • d. Drugs for pain and inflammation
  • e. Drugs for the cardiovascular and renal system
  • f. Drugs that modify the homeostasis
  • g. Drugs for anti-infectious agents
  • h. Drugs used in diabetes

3. Theoretical-practical Practices

  • a. Diagnostic, macro and microscopically
  • b. Administration of drugs by different ways

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - OPHTHALMIC OPTICS II

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
3rd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000026

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This curricular unit (UC) is the continuation of Ophthalmic Optics I and aims to broaden the knowledge students' primarily in the areas of prisms and prismatic effects and multifocal lenses. It is also intended that students dominate the physico-chemical properties of various coatings as well the legislation in the field of ophthalmic lenses. The ultimate aim is for the student to assume the responsibilities of an optometrist, while professional specializing in eye health, by proper selection and / or prescription of ophthalmic lenses. At the end of this CU students should know how to:

  • - Determine prismatic effects
  • - Know the different types of prisms and prismatic lenses
  • - Know how to decompose secondary prisms
  • - Know how to calculate the result of two crossed prisms
  • - Prescription of prisms: Heterophorias and Heterotopias, the different prescription laws
  • - Bifocal lenses: measures, prescription and assembly
  • - Progressive lenses: history, prescription, measurement and assembly
  • - Relate geometry and prescription of any type of ophthalmic lens
  • - Understand the characteristics of the various optical coatings
  • - Know the productive and distributing organization of the ophthalmic sector
  • - Know the regulations in force for ophthalmic lenses

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Prismatic Effects

  • - Terminology and identification of prisms
  • - Prismatic effects and binocular vision
  • - Prentice formula
  • - Matrix techniques
  • - Prismatic lenses
  • - Prescription

Multifocal Lenses

  • - Accommodation and presbyopia
  • - One-piece bifocal and fusion lenses
  • - Position and dimension of plus segment
  • - Trifocal lenses
  • - Progressive lenses
  • - Mounting and adjustment of multifocal lenses

Coatings

  • - Anti-glare coatings
  • - Hardening and water repellent coatings
  • - Tinted and photochromic coatings

Miscelanea

  • - Protection lenses
  • - Lenticulars and hybrid lenses
  • - Ophthalmic industry
  • - Regulations about ophthalmic lenses

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - CLINICAL OPTOMETRY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
3rd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000030

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Clinic Optometry subject has as main objective to join together all knowledge that has been acquired by the student through the course for him to have enough knowledge and skills to use them in a real situation. The student will be able to diagnose the patient’s anomaly, taking as starting point the patient’s medical history and his clinical remarkable data. The student will learn how to make a complete examination according to patient’s medical history and make necessary tests to get to a diagnosis and be able to suggest the best optic and/or optometric solution.

The student will learn next skills:

  • 1) Make a good medical history
  • 2) Join together all wisdom and knowledge to use them in a real situation
  • 3) Make a complete exam using necessary tests and rejecting unnecessary tests
  • 4) Suggest the best treatment
  • 5) Detect and refer to any other specialist pathologic cases.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

  • 1: Medical history: the real patient
  • 2: Exam steps
  • 3: Anamnesis
  • 4: Acronyms, abbreviations and graduations in clinical optometric
  • 5: Clinical care and child consultation organization
  • 6: Clinical care and organization of the consultation in adults
  • 7: Clinical care in special cases
  • 8: Remission criteria. Reports.
  • 9: Clinical Case Analysis

Remaining hours will be used to train in real situations in Optometric facilities.

Each week will take place a clinical session where students will explain to their partners the cases solved. In such sessions, will be discussed cases of refraction, contact lenses adaptation, low vision, geriatrics and pediatrics, visual therapy and visual rehabilitation.

This way It is guaranteed the uniformity formation of students - Cameras

  • - Microscopes
  • - Telescope
  • - Combination of systems

Optometric instruments

  • - Measurement of ophthalmic lenses
  • - Instruments used in subjective refraction
  • - Retinoscope
  • - Keratometer
  • - Ophthalmoscope
  • - Biomicroscope
  • - Tonometer

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - CONTACTOLOGY II

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
3rd Year – 1st Semester 
Código UC nº 1000030

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Are based on contact lenses fitting in special cases, as well as possible complications of the anterior chamber, associated to the wear. Hence, these objectives are framed in a eminently clinical field, where the student acquires knowledge and skills that allow him to solve any case of contact lenses adaptation with the proper clinical practice.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

Theoretical program:

  • - Unit I: Adaptation of contact lenses in astigmatism.
  • - Unit II: Measurement and characterization of corneal topography.
  • - Unit III: Contact lens fitting in special cases
  • - Unit IV: Complications associated with contact lens wear
  • - Unit V: Theoretical resolution of clinical cases

Practical Program:

Laboratory Practice:

  • - Unit I: Instrumental techniques of measurement and verification lenses parameters
  • - Unit II: Techniques for measurement and determination of corneal parameters
  • - Unit III: Instrumental techniques in the assessing of the ocular structures state before and after contact lens fitting. Biomicroscopy.
  • - Unit IV: Criteria and techniques of contact lens fitting
  • - Unit V: Differential diagnosis through images
  • - Unit VI: Final evaluation of practice

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - PSYCHOLOGY APPLIED TO OPTOMETRY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
3rd Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000033

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

This course aims to provide students better relational skills to improve the exercise of their professional activity. The idea is to best develop a more effective communication to improve the quality of interpersonal relationships. Specific objectives are:

  • 1) to understand the importance of communication in interpersonal relationships;
  • 2) understand the dichotomy of self/other;
  • 3) understand the conflict;
  • 4) recognize the different types of conflict and identify the most appropriate strategies to manage it more effectively;
  • 5) to recognize the different types of communication styles;
  • 6) recognize the importance of motivation in human behavior;
  • 7) to analyze the main theories of motivation;
  • 8) understand and evaluate the importance of the group dynamics of interpersonal relationships;
  • 9) interpret the behavior of individual's within organizations

PROGRAM CONTENTS

1. What is psychology?

  • 1.1. Psychology as science.
  • 1.2. How does Psychology and Optometry relate

2. Psychology of interpersonal relations:

  • 2.1. The importance of communication
  • 2.1.1. Perception of self and other
  • 2.1.2. Interpersonal Behavior
  • 2.1.3. Verbal and non-verbal language
  • 2.1.4. Communication styles
  • 2.1.5. Assertiveness
  • 2.1.6. Empathy
  • 2.2. Motivation
  • 2.3. Frustration and conflict
  • 2.4. Conflict resolution
  • 2.4.1. Getting consensus
  • 2.4.2. The importance of listening
  • 2.5. Group dynamics
  • 2.6. Leadership styles
  • 2.7. Organizational behavior

 

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CURRICULAR UNIT - ETHICS AND DEONTOLOGY

Academic Year: 2020 / 2021
3rd Year – 2nd Semester 
Código UC nº 1000034

OBJECTIVES AND COMPETENCES TO BE DEVELOPED    

Ethics and Deontology has the following objectives:

  • 1) to promote knowledge and relevant information on Ethics and Deontology, about different problems related to ethics
  • 2) to exercise professional skills and judgment to the best of their ability and discharge their professional responsibilities with integrity
  • 3) to promote conscience and ethical and civic responsibility and towards future professional duties.

PROGRAM CONTENTS

  • 1. Introduction to Ethics and to professional Deontology
  • 2. National and International legislation knowledge and analysis
  • 3. Professional Associations role in the Professional Regulation – Professional Deontology Analysis
  • 4. Professional competences and dimensions: Reflection and Proposals for Action
  • 5. Concepts and ethical principles. key notions: human liberty, human actions and conscience
  • 6. Conscience and its formation. Moral Laws, Natural Law and Human Virtues
  • 7. Person, Society and the Common Good. Fundamental Principles of the Social Order